Every 10 years the National Research Council releases a survey of astronomy and astrophysics outlining priorities for the coming decade. The most recent survey, titled New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics, provides overall priorities and recommendations for the field as a whole based on a broad and comprehensive examination of scientific opportunities, infrastructure, and organization in a national and international context. Panel Reports?New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics is a collection of reports, each of which addresses a key sub-area of the field, prepared by specialists in that subarea, and each of which played an important role in setting overall priorities for the field. The collection, published in a single volume, includes the reports of the following panels:Cosmology and Fundamental PhysicsGalaxies Across Cosmic TimeThe Galactic NeighborhoodStars and Stellar EvolutionPlanetary Systems and Star FormationElectromagnetic Observations from SpaceOptical and Infrared Astronomy from the GroundParticle Astrophysics and GravitationRadio, Millimeter, and Submillimeter Astronomy from the GroundThe Committee for a Decadal Survey of Astronomy and Astrophysics synthesized these reports in the preparation of its prioritized recommendations for the field as a whole. These reports provide additional depth and detail in each of their respective areas. Taken together, they form an essential companion volume to New Worlds, New Horizons: A Decadal Survey of Astronomy and Astrophysics. The book of panel reports will be useful to managers of programs of research in the field of astronomy and astrophysics, the Congressional committees with jurisdiction over the agencies supporting this research, the scientific community, and the public. Table of ContentsFront MatterPart I: Reports of the Astro2010 Science Frontiers Panels1 Report of the Panel on Cosmology and Fundamental Physics2 Report of the Panel on the Galactic Neighborhood3 Report of the Panel on Galaxies Across Cosmic Time4 Report of the Panel on Planetary Systems and Star Formation5 Report of the Panel on Stars and Stellar EvolutionSummary FindingsPart II: Reports of the Astro2010 Program Prioritization Panels6 Report of the Panel on Electromagnetic Observations from Space7 Report of the Panel on Optical and Infrared Astronomy from theGround8 Report of the Panel on Particle Astrophysics and Gravitation9 Report of the Panel on Radio, Millimeter, and SubmillimeterAstronomy from the GroundAppendixesAppendix A: Statements of Task for the Astro2010 PanelsAppendix B: GlossaryAppendix C Acronyms