This report reviews and updates the 2002 National Research Council report, Technical Issues Related to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). This report also assesses various topics, including:the plans to maintain the safety and reliability of the U.S. nuclear stockpile without nuclear-explosion testing;the U.S. capability to detect, locate, and identify nuclear explosions;commitments necessary to sustain the stockpile and the U.S. and international monitoring systems; andpotential technical advances countries could achieve through evasive testing and unconstrained testing. Sustaining these technical capabilities will require action by the National Nuclear Security Administration, with the support of others, on a strong scientific and engineering base maintained through a continuing dynamic of experiments linked with analysis, a vigorous surveillance program, adequate ratio of performance margins to uncertainties. This report also emphasizes the use of modernized production facilities and a competent and capable workforce with a broad base of nuclear security expertise. Table of ContentsFront MatterEXECUTIVE SUMMARYSUMMARY1 SAFETY, SECURITY, AND RELIABILITY OF THE U.S. NUCLEAR WEAPONSSTOCKPILE2 TECHNICAL MONITORING CAPABILITIES AND CHALLENGES3 SUSTAINING U.S. TECHNICAL CAPABILITIES UNDER THE CTBT4 POTENTIAL TECHNICAL ADVANCES FROM NUCLEAR-EXPLOSION TESTING5 COMPLETE LIST OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSAPPENDIX A Committee on Reviewing and Updating "Technical IssuesRelated to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty" (CTBT)APPENDIX B List of CTBT Committee and Seismology SubcommitteeMeetingsAPPENDIX C The U.S. National Capability to Monitor for NuclearExplosionsAPPENDIX D Monitoring Areas of High InterestAPPENDIX E Dealing with Evasive Underground Nuclear TestingAPPENDIX F Issues Related to Containment of RadioactivityAPPENDIX G U.S. Satellite Nuclear Detonation Detection Capability:Options and ImpactsAPPENDIX H Satellite-Based Challenges and SolutionsAPPENDIX I ReferencesAPPENDIX J List of AcronymsAPPENDIX K Glossary of Key Terms from the 2010 CTBT NIE