Improving our nation's healthcare system is a challenge which, because of its scale and complexity, requires a creative approach and input from many different fields of expertise. Lessons from engineering have the potential to improve both the efficiency and quality of healthcare delivery. The fundamental notion of a high-performing healthcare system-one that increasingly is more effective, more efficient, safer, and higher quality-is rooted in continuous improvement principles that medicine shares with engineering. As part of its Learning Health System series of workshops, the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Value and Science-Driven Health Care and the National Academy of Engineering, hosted a workshop on lessons from systems and operations engineering that could be applied to health care. Building on previous work done in this area the workshop convened leading engineering practitioners, health professionals, and scholars to explore how the field might learn from and apply systems engineering principles in the design of a learning healthcare system. Engineering a Learning Healthcare System: A Look at the Future: Workshop Summary focuses on current major healthcare system challenges and what the field of engineering has to offer in the redesign of the system toward a learning healthcare system. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Engineering a Learning Healthcare System2 Engaging Complex Systems Through Engineering Concepts3 Healthcare System Complexities, Impediments, and Failures4 Case Studies in Transformation Through Systems Engineering5 Fostering Systems Change to Drive Continuous Learning in HealthCare6 Next Steps: Aligning Policies with Leadership OpportunitiesAppendixesAppendix A: Workshop AgendaAppendix B: Biographical Sketches of Workshop ParticipantsAppendix C: Workshop Attendee ListOther Publications in The Learning Health System Series